Top College Admissions Trends in 2018

Top College Admissions Trends in 2018 â€Å"Holistic admissions, applications rise, demonstrated interest, SAT goodbyes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ There are enough hot-button issues taking center stage in the admissions world in 2018 to add a verse to Billy Joel’s classic â€Å"We Didn’t Start the Fire.† Unfortunately, the above topics didn’t sound nearly as melodic as Joel’s chronicling of the key events of the second half of the 20th century, so we decided to instead provide you with a far more readable top-five list. Let’s get started.1. Holistic admissionsBack in 1975, when a handful of East Coast liberal arts colleges first formed what would later become the Common Application, the intent was twofold: first, to streamline the college application process to make the effort of applying to multiple schools less wasteful and redundant; second, to make the process more holistic by standardizing the use of recommendations and essays. In 2014, the organization dropped this holistic requirement because the felt it was inherently at odds with their mission to promote access—many in the admissions world were not happy with the shift.Ironically, given its origins, it is the Common Application that is under assault as being the antithesis of a holistic tool. Challengers have arisen, most notably, The Coalition for Access, Affordability, and Success which now claims 130 of the nation’s top colleges and universities as members. The Coalition App strives to take the application process in a vastly more holistic direction. Students are given a digital â€Å"locker† in which they can enclose writing samples, multimedia artifacts that represent their unique passions or talents, and are encouraged to connect with mentors of all varieties (guidance counselors, admissions officers, and community members) to seek out advice as early as freshman year. We fully expect that the holistic trend will continue into 2018 and beyond.2. Expansion of test-optional, flexible po liciesEvery year, an impressive list of nationally recognizable schools take the â€Å"test-optional† plunge, jettisoning the SATs and ACTs as required components in the application process. There are now over 1,000 test-optional colleges and universities in the U.S. This group includes many of the nation’s most selective liberal arts institutions, such as Wesleyan, Bowdoin, Bates, Dickinson, Franklin Marshall as well as many universities, like Wake Forest, American, GW, and Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Other elite schools like Middlebury, Colby, and Colorado College have adopted â€Å"test-flexible† policies where SAT Subject Test scores or IB/AP test scores can take the place of the traditional SAT/ACT requirement.Given that standardized testing policies are ever-changing, it’s important that you research SAT/ACT requirements at all of your prospective schools. College Transitions’ Dataverse is happy to save you time with our sortable spread sheet covering test optional/flexible, Superscore, Score Choice, and ACT/SAT writing policies at 366 of the nation’s top institutions.3. The continued rise of â€Å"demonstrated interest†As May 1st approaches, the tension is palpable in college admissions offices across the country. This is day on which the admissions staff is expected to have met their enrollment goals for the following school year. Incredibly only 34% of four-year institutions in the United States actually achieved this in 2017.The 34% that were successful relied on high â€Å"yield rates,† that is the percentage of admitted students that actually enrolled in their school. One way for admissions officers to up their yield rate is to admit students that have â€Å"demonstrated interest† in their school through social media engagement, e-mail contact, a campus visit, or attending a regional admissions event, thus it is little surprise why the act of demonstrating interest cracks our top-f ive list.According to the most recent National Association for College Admission Counseling (NACAC) survey, 14% of colleges and universities consider demonstrated interest as having â€Å"considerable importance† in the admissions process; another 26% of institutions rated it as being of â€Å"moderate importance.† For perspective, class rank, extracurricular activities, SAT Subject Tests, and the interview were all rated as being far less important. It’s easy to see why—demonstrating interest helps the college just as much as it helps you—it’s a win-win.For more on how to demonstrate interest and gain an admissions edge, check out our YouTube tutorial on the subject.4. Applications up, acceptance rates downYou will continue to see headlines in 2018 about infinitesimal acceptance rates at the most prestigious schools in the country. The Ivies, Stanford, the University of Chicago, and MIT will all sport single-digit acceptance rates. Other el ite schools like Pomona, Pitzer, Amherst, Duke, Johns Hopkins, and Rice will all inch closer to the single-digit club as well.The overall number of college applicants is expected to increase this admissions cycle, and the trend of seniors applying to more and more colleges is unlikely to fade. At last count, 35% of college applicants applied to seven or more schools. It’s not uncommon for superstar students to apply to 20 or more schools in a misguided attempt to hedge their bets. Bates, Rice, USC, and UPenn are just a few of the institutions already reporting a record number of applicants in 2018.5. Racial policies remain in fluxA new lawsuit against Harvard University over their capping of accepting Asian students will be heard in District Court this summer. In 2016, the Fisher vs. University of Texas at Austin Supreme Court case, a challenge by a white plaintive who claimed that she was discriminated against by affirmative action policies, was narrowly decided in favor of the university. Still, the U.S. Department of Justice has called for an investigation into the legality of race-based college admissions, in effect, questioning the legality of granting African American and Latino students any edge in the admissions process. With all of this racial drama swirling and nothing completely settled, the in-flux state of race in admissions cracks our list of top trends. Applicants (as well as all informed-citizens) should follow the developments on this topic as it unfolds throughout the year.

The Right to an Abortion Essay - 2250 Words

The Right to an Abortion The definition for abortion is, premature expulsion of a foetus from the womb; operation to cause this (oxford popular dictionary).[1] There are two types of abortion: spontaneous and induced. Spontaneous abortion or miscarriage is when a foetus dies naturally inside the mother. Induced abortion is when the foetus is deliberately killed by taking it from the mothers womb. In 1966 an abortion law reform Bill was sponsored by David Steel (Liberal MP). The Bill received several opposing arguments from religious groups, government ministers, doctors and medical organizations. This then influenced the Bill and changes were made to try and accommodate all those†¦show more content†¦Some people believe that it is the womans right, her life, her body, her choice. Many people think that if abortion wasnt legalized then it would force many women to go to underground and get dangerous operations done by unqualified people. The current law for abortion in the UK allow abortion if two doctors agree that by continuing the pregnancy means that there is a risk to the womans health physically or mentally, and if there is a strong risk of severe handicap in the child, however abortion is only allowed up to 24 weeks, unless it would cause server damage to the mothers health or cause death. The decision to have an abortion is never easy, but no one is better suited than the woman concerned to make that decision, as they are the most involved person in making the decision, and the decisions should never be forced upon them by the father to terminate or keep the child, unfortunately as most women live up to their stereotype, they will be the ones that do the majority of the work for the child such as care, nurture and support them, with some help from the father. Women have the inalienable right to have children; therefore they should also have the inalienable right to not have children. To be able to have offspring is a wonderful gift, however it does not suit all women,Show MoreRelatedIs Abortion Right? Abortion?1461 Words   |  6 Pages Is abortion right? Every abortion kills an innocent human being. Life starts at conception, all unborn babies feel the pain the doctors who abort them are causing. Sutcliffe, Paula who worked in a clinic that does abortions stated that †I found distress in the clinic, but it involved not only the woman. I saw the pain of those babies who were born burned from theRead MoreThe Right Of An Abortion1565 Words   |  7 PagesThe Right to an Abortion During the 20th century, there were a great number of high profile, controversial Supreme Court cases. From Brown v. Board of Education to Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith, no case stands out as much as Roe v. Wade. Roe v. Wade covered grounds that have never been dealt with before, bringing new issues and debates to the table, such as the right to privacy. In 1973, a woman named Norma McCorvey used an alias, Jane Roe, to pursue anRead MoreThe Right of Abortion1801 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ABORTION A small number of issues have promoted such debate as has the topic of abortion.  The contributors in the abortion debate not merely have definitely-fixed beliefs, but  every group has a self-designated designation that plainly reflects what they  consider to be the necessary issues. On one side, the pro-choice supporters see  personal choice as fundamental to the debate: If a woman cannot decide to  end an unnecessary pregnancy, a state which affects her body and perhaps  her whole life, thenRead MoreIs Abortion Right or Wrong?1028 Words   |  5 Pagesprocess of having an abortion has been a controversial topic for many years. Even though an abortion is legal, Americans believe abortions are only morally correct when used for medical reasons. The word â€Å"abortion† can be defined various ways depending on a person’s perspective. Abortion is defined by Oxford as â€Å"the act of giving untimely birth to offspring, premature delivery, miscarriage; the p rocuring of premature delivery so as to destroy offspring† (Dionisio). The National Abortion Federation definesRead MoreAbortion : A Right But Not A Good Essay901 Words   |  4 PagesABORTION: A RIGHT BUT NOT A GOOD (n.d.). http://www.3.nd.edu/~areimers/Abortion.htm Summary: This article states that, although abortion is a constitutional right for women, it is not good for a woman. Abortion may seem like a good idea at the time, but in reality it can cause both physical and emotional damage, nothing good ever comes out of this procedure. Usually after the procedure is done, it can leave the woman feeling guilty and sad. Another thing it kills an innocent living humanRead MoreIs Abortion Wrong or Right?988 Words   |  4 PagesENG 112-01   September 2, 2015   Is Abortion Wrong or  Right?   Abortion is defined as â€Å"The removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end the pregnancy† (dictionary.com). However, if only the debate over the abortion issue was as easy as the definition listed above. However, similar to most things in life, a statement or opinion is never right nor wrong, but simply left open for clarification. Those who are against abortion believe that abortion is the murder of innocent human beingsRead MoreIs Abortion Right Or Wrong?924 Words   |  4 PagesCoombs Kendra Gallos English 3 Online December 8, 2014 Is Abortion Right or Wrong? Abortion, do you think it is right or wrong? When you hear the word abortion what do you think of? People, who think abortion is right, think it is right for many different reasons. Such as they believe that it is the woman’s body and feel as if they should be able to do whatever they want to with their body. Other people, people who think abortion is wrong feel as if it is murder, that if they do not want aRead MoreThe Constitutional Rights Of Abortion969 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is perhaps the most disputed issue in America today. There are nine states in the United States that do not have specific laws prohibiting abortion after a certain point of pregnancy. This means that an abortion can be performed at any time, despite how far along the pregnancy is. This controversial topic is viewed through public opinion, legislatures, and the courts. There are three main concerns that are discussed within this issue: the constitutional rights of both the woman and the fe tusRead MoreAbortion Is The Right Choice1319 Words   |  6 Pages ABORTION RHETORICAL ANALYSIS ABSTRACT Abortion is one of the most controversial issue worldwide. According to anti-abortionist people, there are people who tend to make â€Å"bad choices† look good when trying to decide what would be the best decision to an unwanted pregnancy. Both the Pro-Abortion and Pro-Life are being discussed from two different perspectives towards abortion. Anti-Abortionist people disagree with abortion due to their own beliefs. On the other hand, people believe womenRead MoreAbortion: The Right to Choose700 Words   |  3 PagesAbortion: The Right to Choose Abortion is a constitutional right of a woman in the United States and therefore should not be outlawed. Certain instances prove an abortion justified and blanket legislature against such useless, such as rape and incest and the health of the mother, and a simple fact that the practice would continue, only less safely and with more casualties. In 2012, 346,830 women were raped. According to medical reports, the incidence of pregnancy for one-time unprotected sexual intercourse

Film Analysis Of Mona Lisa Smile - 1413 Words

Notwithstanding, a painter and his or hers cherished space, the art of filmmaking brings distinct mounting mobile complexities in developing a silver screen story. Successively, Mona Lisa Smile’s premise reverberates Opie’s subject, Mary Wollstonecraft, centuries apart, and tethered ambitions of educators. What significant leaps of ideology had occurred from the late 1700s to 1950s period drama? Mona Lisa Smile’s characters are fiction, but the social and political climates of 1950s are based on factual societal construct (Solomon). According to Wollstonecraft’s treatise demand, published in 1792 â€Å"A Vindication of the Rights of Woman,† and not much has changed, â€Å"The many become pedestal to the few. I, therefore, will venture to assert,†¦show more content†¦Watson, vexed by an article in the school’s newspaper, and written by Betty, recently married student, depicting her teachings spun falsely, as the bitter and husbandles s woman. Conversely, her earned podium allots a riveting emotional reminder about political and social influences of advertisement. Then and now, graphic art used device with subliminal messages; teaching what, who and how women should be and become. In the 1950s, domestic innovation reached heights (Solomon). Alongside ads of housebroken and submissive personifications of wives with curbed roles beyond schooling and beneath sexist tones: [Huge classroom, behind Watson an ample projection screen, and a crowd of students] Watson: Slide - Contemporary art... Connie: No, that s just an advertisement... Watson: Quiet. Today you just listen. What will future scholars see when they study us, a portrait of women today? There you are ladies: the perfect likeness of a Wellesley graduate, Magna Cum Laude, doing exactly what she was trained to do. Slide - a Rhodes Scholar, I wonder if she recites Chaucer while she presses her husband s shirts. Slide - hehe, now you physics majors can calculate the mass and volume of every meatloaf you make. Slide - A girdle to set you free. What does that mean? What does that mean? What does it mean? I give up, you win. The smartest women in the country, I didn t realize that by demanding excellence I would be challenging... what did it say? [WalksShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Film Mona Lisa Smile 1256 Words   |  6 PagesThe movie Mona Lisa Smile takes place in a setting that would make a modern woman become incensed (Newell, 2003). The main character is a teacher that represents the brave, intelligent individuals that broke ground for women to pursue equality. In the movie she seems to light a spark in the minds of her students as highlighted by four young women enrolled in her art history class. The determination of a teacher to inspire students rather than succumbing to conformity is highly admirable, as is aRead MoreEssay on Analysis of the Inspirational Film, Mona Lisa Smile2045 Words   |  9 Pages The movie, â€Å"Mona Lisa Smile† is an inspirational film that explores life through feminism, marriage, and education lead by a modernist teacher at the end of a traditional era. It begins by introducing the lead character, Katherine Watson (Julia Roberts), a liberal-minded novice professor from Califor nia, who lands a job in the art history department at a snobbish, all-girl college, called Wellesley, in the fall of 1953. Despite warnings from her boyfriend Paul that a Boston Brahmin environment wasRead MoreGender Inequality And Sexism Are Common Social Issues Within Today s Society1856 Words   |  8 PagesUnited States is the prominence of women among college students† (p. 155). He asks the question of whether or not women are â€Å"equally represented at top-tier institutions† and refers to the â€Å"Hearn (1990) and Persell et al (1992) report, based on an analysis of data on 1980 high school seniors, that women were disadvantaged in access to elite schools† (p. 155). Jacobs goes on to mention that â€Å"in recent years, women’s advantage in college enrollment has been similar to that observed for earned degreesRead MoreMona Lisa and Last Supper3080 Words   |  13 Pageslap. The ad was pulled after protests by Italian Catholics. 1. Mona Lisa, or La Gioconda, is a 16th Century oil painting on poplar wood by Leonardo da Vinci and is one of the most famous paintings in Western art history; few other works of art are as romanticized, celebrated, or reproduced. The painting shows a woman looking out at the viewer with what is described as an enigmatic smile. Title of the painting The title Mona Lisa stems from the Giorgio Vasari biography of Leonardo da Vinci, publishedRead MoreIntertextual Analysis of Works of Art2998 Words   |  12 Pagesand AIDS, among other trends. Contemporary art is created in the here and now and which makes it contemporary to us. Contemporary art are works of art made from the 1960s or 70s up until the present and it is an ever-evolving art style. I will analysis three contemporary works of art and how different philosophers and theorists would interpret each one. The first work of art ‘Surreal’ by Marcus A. Jansen is an oil enamel collage on canvas done in 2009 hanging in the MW Gallery Aspen. Marcus JansenRead MoreWorld War I And II1943 Words   |  8 Pagesideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, movement, institution, nation . We’ve seen it used in many other countries and other aspects of history, like in Leni Riefenstahl s Triumph of the Will, was a propaganda film made to show the glory and power of Germany during that the 1930’s. Because of it’s influence on society, propaganda posters were America’s main artillery in the effort to strengthen the country as a community, and as an assistant to the United StatesRead MoreArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words   |  89 Pagesmechanisms inform their processes of abstract thought and reasoning. We analyze the consumption stories of 30 museum goers in order to understand how people move through museum spaces and feel, touch, hear, smell, and taste art. Further, through an analysis of metaphors and the use of conceptual blending, we tap into the participants’ unconscious minds, gleaning important embodiment processes that shape their reasoning. Solvitur ambulando (Solve it by walking) (roman proverb) I n the twenty-ï ¬ rstRead MoreArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words   |  89 Pagesmechanisms inform their processes of abstract thought and reasoning. We analyze the consumption stories of 30 museum goers in order to understand how people move through museum spaces and feel, touch, hear, smell, and taste art. Further, through an analysis of metaphors and the use of conceptual blending, we tap into the participants’ unconscious minds, gleaning important embodiment processes that shape their reasoning. Solvitur ambulando (Solve it by walking) (roman proverb) I n the twenty-ï ¬ rstRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesJamaicans regard as their cultural contribution to the world. Later I will return to these issues and will demonstrate how they contribute to the routinization of Rastafari in Jamaica. The nature of this book dictates a heavy reliance on documentary analysis. My focus is interpretation not ethnography. Therefore, I have not sought to generate primary data on the movement but to analyze and re-analyze the growing body of scholarly and popular literature on the movement, including sociological and anthropologicalRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesArt Director: Kenny Beck Text and Cover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std

Security Risks And Risk Management - 1267 Words

EHEALTH SECURITY RISK MANAGEMENT Abstract Protecting the data related to health sector, business organizations, information technology, etc. is highly essential as they are subject to various threats and hazards periodically. In order to provide security, the information has to adapt to certain risk analysis and management techniques which has to be done dynamically with the changes in environment. This paper briefly describes about analyzing the security risks and risk management processes to be followed for electronic health records to ensure privacy and security. Overview of Security Risk Management: The data present in the Electronic Health Records that are recorded, maintained or transmitted by the third party devices and so, must be†¦show more content†¦Further, privacy and security are like chronic diseases that require treatment, continuous monitoring and evaluation, and periodic adjustment. According to HIPAA, the required implementation specification for risk analysis requires a covered entity to, â€Å"conduct an accurate and thorough assessment of the potential risks and vulnerabilities to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of electronic protected health information held by the covered entity.† The process of risk analysis consists of 9 steps: Step 1. System Characterization: Initially system characterization is required to accelerate the process of risk analysis. Through this process, the information that is needed to be protected is identified. Some of the examples of applications include Electronic health records, Laboratory information system, and pharmacy system. The general support systems consist of computers, laptops, smartphones, email, etc. which are used in the organization to support various applications. The risk analysis should stress upon systems that have more effect on healthcare operations Step 2. Threat Identification: The next step is to identify threats. Threats can be of anything from earthquakes and tornadoes to human errors, carelessness, hacking, hardware failure, power outage, etc. Identifying all the threats is not necessary but it is important to identify the regularShow MoreRelatedSecurity Risks And Risk Management Process1263 Words   |  6 Pagesprovide security, the information has to adapt to certain risk analysis and management techniques which has to be done dynamically with the changes in environment. This paper briefly describes about analyzing the security risks and risk management processes to be followed for electronic health records to ensure privacy and security. Overview of Security Risk Management: Security is being free from threats. The term can be used with reference to crime, accidents of all kinds, etc. Security is a vastRead MoreInformation Security Risks And Risk Management1883 Words   |  8 Pagesused by organisations and charities wishing to exterminate the possible risks by assembly information security risk assessment (information security risk assessment). The ISRA is able to resolve the amount of the potential risk associated with an IT system. An ISRA method identifies an organization s security risks and provides a measured analysed security risk profile of critical assets in order to build plans to treat the risks hand would beneficial in health and social care to insure things areRead MoreSecurity Risk Management1111 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract In this paper, it’s have stress on importance of user in participate on information security risk management and its influence in the context of regulatory compliances via a multi-method study at the organizational level. Along with associated outcomes, the types of activities and security controls in which user’s participation as part of Sarbanes – Oxley compliance also understand here. Besides that, research model also been develop in this paper on the finding of the quantitative studyRead MoreSecurity Risk Analysis, Risk Management And Security Policies2275 Words   |  10 PagesResearch Report Security risk analysis, risk management and security policies Introduction:- in, business or in any sector relating trading, banking etc., information security is an important factor in which it is necessary to secure or hide the important business details such as client detail etc. So in information system technology, data storage management should be extremely secure the security conditions or security policies would be hard and there should be no flaw or weakness in informationRead MoreInformation Security and Risk Management1473 Words   |  6 Pagesactivity. This reversal in focus by both individuals and institutions may simply be a natural response to the reduced capabilities of al-Qaeda and other terrorist networks, as confirmed by the leading authority on terrorism and its effects, and national security analyst for the CNN network, Peter Bergen, who observed recently that the Obama administration has played a large role in reducing terrorist threats by continuing and scaling up many of former President George W. Bushs counter-terroris t methodsRead MoreSecurity Risk Management Essay2181 Words   |  9 Pageswith the term risk and it definitions from specifically the ISO 31000 standard of risk management and also the definition of risk from the criminology crime triangle. Which one of these two definitions that are the most suitable for usage within the security industry will be discussed and evaluated. How and why consequence is important when assessing risk priorities and determining where to allocate resources will be examined and answered. 1. Definitions Security risk management is â€Å"the cultureRead MoreThe Homeland Security Risk Management1239 Words   |  5 Pages Homeland Security Risk Management Olgera Haywood American Military University Introduction Homeland security in United States comprises of complex and competing requirements, incentives, and interests that need to be managed and balanced effectively to achieve the desired national objectives. Security, resilience and safety of the country are endangered by different hazards such as cyberspace attacks, terrorism, manmade accidents, pandemics, natural disasters and transnationalRead MoreRisk Management And Network Security1028 Words   |  5 PagesRisk management and network security is very important for any Information Technology professional. Sadly many technicians or network administrators don’t pay enough attention to the risk management and security field, leaving entire network unprotected to many treat that are out there. Risk management and network security can be combined in one word and it is prevention, but what happens when the network managers are not preventive at all, because they only care or think about an issue when it arisesRead MoreRisk Management And Homeland Security1309 Words   |  6 PagesRisk Management and Homeland Security The nation’s homeland security is a very multifaceted environment which must be controlled to effective function at its highest potential. â€Å"The safety, security, and resilience of the Nation are threatened by an array of hazards, including acts of terrorism, manmade accidents, and natural disasters† (DHS., 2011). All together, homeland security agencies must manage risks at all levels connected with an array of components. Collectively, these external andRead MoreInformation Security And Risk Management926 Words   |  4 PagesISOL 533- Information Security and Risk Management. I also got an internship opportunity of a part time CPT with Sapot Systems Inc as a Software Engineer. The knowledge and interest I had along with these courses, helped me to go that extra mile in my day to day job responsibility. Course learnings and It s impact on the Internship: Through ISOL-633, I got an extensive knowledge of Information security encompassing the US legal system and federal governance, security and privacy of financial

Weakness Of Heroes In Macbeth - 1475 Words

The typical hero is ordinarily seen as strong, independent and courageous. While some may think heroes would gain strength and bravery from knowing their fate, knowing one’s future can actually lead to the destruction of a hero, no matter how invincible they are. Their downfall takes place because heroes allow this knowledge to run their actions in the most disastrous way possible. The so called heroes from books like â€Å"The Iliad† and â€Å"Macbeth† allow further insight to how this knowledge can become a weakness, even to the most powerful hero. Weakness stems from the very beginning of Macbeth’s journey and continues to heighten with the knowledge of his fate as king. In the story, Macbeth finds out his fate of being king very early on. His†¦show more content†¦So is he mine, and in such bloody distance that every minute of his being thrusts against my near’st of life,†(3.1.131-134). The fact that the prophecy stated that Banquo’s descendants would become king had not evaded Macbeth’s mind either. Due to this fact, the murderers were sent to kill not only Banquo, but his son as well. The scene where Macbeth is explaining that Banquo is a traitor and an enemy of the court portrays the level to which his insanity now lies, and is a representation of his weakness and selfishness that truly developed through his submission to Lady Macbeth and the witches. In the end, Macbeth becomes a tyrant, blinded by his pride and fate, and begins to believe he is invincible. He becomes so drunk with power that he seeks out the witches to find out how he can remain king. They show him three apparitions, one of which explains that he cannot be killed by a man born of a woman. This prophecy allows Macbeth to create a false sense of security because he now believes he’s invincible. In the following scene, Macbeth receives an urgent message on Macduff’s whereabouts.â€Å"Macduff is fled to England...The castle of Macduff I will surprise, seize upon fife, give to th’ edge o’ th’ sword. His wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls that trace him in his line,†(4.1.160-174). Macbeth feels threatened when he hears the news of Macduff fleeing and retaliates by having Macduff’s wifeShow MoreRelatedThe Tragic Hero Of Things Fall Apart 1283 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth and Okonkwo What comes to mind when you hear the word hero? You may think of superheroes, a significant figure in your life or anyone else who generally brings greatness about the world. A tragic hero on the other hand is a character who has a flaw that eventually helps aid to their downfall as a tragic hero. In the novel Things Fall Apart written by Chinua Achebe and Macbeth written by Shakespeare, we meet two prime examples of tragic heros. The elements of a tragic hero include hamartiaRead MoreHuman Weakness in Macbeth and Othello2915 Words   |  12 PagesMacbeth is one of the best known plays written by Shakespeare in the 17th century, Jacobean period. It was the period where the belief in supernatural was greatly held and king James I himself, the author of Divine rights of king adhered in witchcraft and openly practiced the idea of kings being God’s representatives on earth, so to even complain about them was a sin. The tragic hero, brave and valiant Macbeth had all the requi red characteristics of the ideal Scottish soldier; valorous and gallantRead MoreThe Power of Manipulation Essay784 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth’s weakness of mind and character allowed the witches to manipulate him psychologically, rather than acting as a supernatural force. The Weird Sisters were pivotal in Macbeth’s eventual breakdown. They choose their target very wisely, and since Macbeth is, to them, merely a worthless pawn, the loss of his sanity was not even considered a small price to pay, but a pleasurable consequence. Until Macbeth’s encounter with the witches, he was a noble character, but they planted evil seeds intoRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1702 Words   |  7 Pagesspecial circumstances of the play proves to be a fatal flaw. Macbeth consists of several situations where the hero portrays many such qualities that drive him to commit wrong actions. Macbeth’s desires convinced him to ignore the impact of his actions. In addition , his doubtfulness controlled his consciousness and finally his blindness affected his aptitude to seek reality. An analysis of Macbeth’s actions and behaviour reveals that Macbeth should be justified as a tragic hero validating the beliefRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s King Lear, Hamlet, Othello And Macbeth1206 Words   |  5 Pages A Shakespearean tragedy, is a five-act play and they usually revolve around a similar idea of conflict. This is the Internal and external Conflict within the character. The four plays I have chosen to analyse are; King Lear, Hamlet, Othello and Macbeth. I chose these plays specifically because they all have universal themes which depict human emotions. They contain very important messages about internal and external conflict within characters and how this conflict can lead to terrible things, suchRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth As A Tragic Hero1180 Words   |  5 PagesSometimes, not all heroes are flawless. Because of a hero s flaws, they could eventually turn to the wrong path. Set in the 11th Century of Scotland,William Shakespeare’s Macbeth displays how Macbeth is a tragic hero. He was once a noble and heroic being, but because of his ambition to be king, he kills the former king, Duncan, so he that could take his throne. Becoming king changes Macbeth to being bloodthirsty and overprotective of his throne, but also remorse for the ones he killed. Seen asRead MoreLord Of Scotland, By William Shakespeare1132 Words   |  5 Pagesby Mary Shelley, society’s opinion and rejection towards Frankenstein’s creature influenced him to build up hatred towards his creator and human beings. In Macbeth, by Shakespeare, Macbeth’s ambition is born when he is revealed of his prophecy that he will become King of Scotland. This ambition of becoming king causes a moral decline in Macbeth. Dorian Gray was also another tragic hero led to his own destruction by the influence of wanting everlasting youth and beauty. We decide our own destiny byRead MoreMacbeth: Describe Macbeth as a Tragic Hero1367 Words   |  6 PagesMACBETH AS A TRAGIC HERO Tragic heroes are within everyone, but cannot be fully exposed or understood without the essential tragic qualities. One must be a potentially noble character who endures heroic qualities and has respect and admiration from the society. Consequently, they must be essentially great. Also within the character must be a flaw or weakness that leads to a fall. Lastly, one is required to possess an element of suffering and redemption. Remorse and regret is a necessity for onesRead MoreEssay about Macbeth as A Tragic Hero1677 Words   |  7 Pages Macbeth as A Tragic Hero The character of Macbeth is a classic example of a Shakespearean tragic hero. There are many factors that contribute to the character of Macbeth of which three will be discussed. Macbeth is a typical tragic hero through his personality, actions, and qualities. One of Macbeths traits that evoke the idea of a tragic hero is that he is worthy of the readers interest. A tragic hero must be worthy of readers interest, concern, or sympathy. MacbethRead MoreIs Othello a Tragic Hero? Essay1479 Words   |  6 PagesAristotle’s established view of the crucial elements that distinguish whether a person is truly tragic. According to Aristotle, a tragic protagonist is a nobleman or person from high status, who contributes to his own demise and illustrates a flaw or weakness in judgment. The tragic protagonist must make a fall from a high state of being to a low state or death. The tragic hero’s downfall, said Aristotle, was brought upon by some error of judgement. Aristotle’s theory is not the final word on tragedy

Me seek death Free Essays

Triangle Skills to Solve Problems For each word problem below, you must draw a picture and show your work towards a solution. Solutions are given for each problem. Since these are real-life type problems, answers should be decimal approximations as opposed to being in simplest radical form. We will write a custom essay sample on Me seek death or any similar topic only for you Order Now You are allowed to use anything you know about triangle similarity, right triangles and right triangle trigonometry. This assignment is a learning target and is required to pass this semester. P = Do these problems if you want a Proficient score for this learning target HP = Do Hess problems if you want a Highly Proficient score for this learning target A = All students are required to do these problems P 1) A soccer ball Is placed 10 feet away from the goal, which Is 8 feet high. You kick the ball and it hits the crossbar along the top of the goal. What is the angle of elevation of your kick? (38. 70) P 2) If a person 5 Ft 10 inches tall casts a 7 Ft. 4 inch shadow, how tall is a person who casts a shadow 6 Ft. 8 inches long? Put answer in feet and 4 inches) P 3) Michelle delivers books to school libraries. Her truck has a slide out ramp for unloading the books. The top of the ramp Is 3 feet above the ground. The ramp itself Is 5. 2 feet long. What is the horizontal distance the ramp reaches? Also, what Is the angle of elevation of the ramp? (4. 25 Ft. ; 35. 20) A 4) An airplane is at an elevation of 35,000 Ft. When it begins its approach to an airport. Its angle of desce nt is 60. What is the horizontal distance between the plane and the airport? Also, what is the approximate air distance from the plane to the airport? 63 miles; 63. 4 miles) P 5) Pete has a 15-foot ladder. The safety instructions recommend he should have he base of the ladder 6 feet from the base of the wall he will lean the ladder against. How high will the ladder reach on the wall? (13. 75 feet) A 6) A lighthouse keeper observes that there Is a 30 angle of depression between the horizontal and the line of sight to a ship. If the keeper Is 19 meters above the water, how far Is the ship from shore? (362. 5 meters) opposite bank. (90 meters) HP 8) Mart is standing 4 Ft. Behind a fence 6 Ft. 6 inches tall. When she looks over the fence, she can Just see the top edge off building. She knows that the building is 32 Ft. Inches behind the fence. Her eyes are 5 Ft. From the ground. How tall is the building? Give your answer to the nearest half-foot. (See diagram below) (18. 7 feet) A 9) A 25-foot ladder is placed against a building. The bottom of the ladder is 7 feet from the building. If the top of the ladder slips down 4 feet, how many feet will the bottom slide out? (slipped 8 feet) A 10) Driving through the mountains, Dale has to go up and over a high mountain pass. The road has a constant incline for 7 miles to the top of the pass. Dale notices from a road sign that in the first mile he climbs 840 feet. What is the height of the mountain pass? (5280 feet = 1 mile). Also, how steep is the incline in degrees? (Answer in feet) (6510 Ft. ; 9. 20) HP 11) You want to hang banner that is 29 Ft. Tall. You are thinking of hanging it outside from the third floor of your school, but need to measure to see if it will fit there. The trouble with measuring the direct distance is that there is a large 6 Ft. Tall bush in the way at the base of the school building. You throw a 38 Ft. Long rope out the window to a friend on the ground. She walks away from the building until the pop is taught. Upon measuring, she finds the angle of elevation of the rope to be 700. Will the banner fit on the wall and be completely above the bush? How much space will there be between the top of the bush and the bottom of the banner? (Banner will fit with . 7 off foot to spare) HP 12) Chris is mailing his friend a poster that has been rolled up in a long tube. He has a box that measures 20 inches by 8 inches by 4 inches. What is the maximum length the rolled poster can be? Where you label the dimensions on your drawing on the box won’t affect your answer) (21. 7 inches) HP 13) Elena is standing on a plateau that is 800 Ft. Above a basin where she can see two hikers. The angle of depression from her line of sight to the first hiker is 250 and to the second hiker is 150. How far apart are the two hikers? (1270 feet) HP 14) The front and back walls of an A-frame cabin are isosceles triangles, each with a base 10 m and sides of 13 m. The entire front wall is made of glass that cost $120/mm. What did the glass for the front wall cost? $7200) angle of elevation of the sun was 550, the length of the shadow cast by this flagpole as 210 Ft. Find the height of the flagpole to the nearest foot. Also, what was the length of the shadow when the angle of elevation of the sun was 340? (300 feet; 444. 8 feet) A 16) International rules of basketball state the rim should be 3. 05 meters above the ground. If your line of sight to the rim is 340 and you are 1. 7 meters tall, what is the horizontal distance from you to the rim? (2 meters) P 17) Eagleburger is 17 miles south of Linebacker, and Linebacker is 5 miles west of Pueblo. Carson lives nine miles north of Linebacker. How many miles will Carson eave to drive altogether from his home to Eagleburger if he stops in Pueblo on the way? (Make sure he goes the shortest distances possible) (28 miles) P 18) A student looks out of a second-story school window and sees the top of the school flagpole at an angle of elevation of 220. The student is 18 Ft. Above the ground and 50 Ft. From the flagpole. Find the height of the flagpole. (38. 2 Ft. ) HP 19) You need to add 5 supports under the ramp, in addition to the 3. 6 meter one so that they are all equally spaced. You should have six supports in all. How long should each support be? Also, what is the angle of descent of the ramp? (220) A 20) A 17-foot wire connects the top of a 28-foot pole to the top of a pole. What is the shortest length of wire that you could use to attach the top of the short pole to the bottom of the tall pole? (25 feet) A 21) Juanita, who is 1. 82 meters tall, wants to find the height off tree in her backyard. From the tree’s base, she walks 12. 20 meters along the tree’s shadow to a position where the end of her shadow exactly overlaps the end of the tree’s shadow. She is now 6. 1 meters from the end of the shadows. How tall is the tree? 5. 46 meters) HP 22) A giant California redwood tree 36 meters tall cracked in a violent storm and fell as if hinged. The tip of the tree hit the ground 24 meters from the base. Researchers wished to investigate the crack. How many meters up from the base of the tree would they have to climb? (10 feet) HP 23) George is looking out from a window 30 feet above the street. The angle of elevation is 500 to the top off building across the street. The angle of depression to the base of the same building is 200. Find the height of the building across the street. (128. 2 Ft) How to cite Me seek death, Papers

Infection Prevention and Control

Question: Discuss about the Infection Prevention and Control. Answer: Introduction The report demonstrates an overview regarding the Health and Disability Service Infection Control Standard (HDSS) (2008) in relation to its implementation of an infection control program regime. The roles and responsibilities of an infection control preventionist at the local district health board (DHB) offering care in a 500 beds hospital setting to devise an appropriate infection control protocol has also been discussed. The description, requirements and relevance of the Standard 3.1 of the HDSS (2008) in the hospital scenario has been specifically mentioned as well. Apart from these, two examples concerning evaluation of infection control program has also been critically discussed in this report. Health Disability Service Infection Control Standard (2008) The Health and disability Services (Infection Prevention and Control) Standards put forward by the New Zealand Ministry of Health proposes the infection control management as part of the Standard 3.1 that encompass a set of systems and structures to be followed by the concerned organization to ensure quality healthcare facility with enough scopes of improvement within the given hospital framework (www.health.govt.nz, 2016). The Standard clearly refers to a manageable environment with the minimum possibility of infections for the patients, service providers as well as the visitors. In order to achieve this desired level of outcomes, the relevant organization needs to fulfill the following criteria (www.health.govt.nz, 2016): Clearly defined duties for infection control and accountability for infection control issues leading to the hierarchic management including the senior authority and the governing body. Explicitly defined reporting lines and frequencies within the organization encompassing the procedures to promptly notify regarding the infection control related matters. Annual review of the properly defined and well documented infection prevention program in the organization. Improvisation of the infection control program in collaboration and communication with the prime stakeholders through proper risk assessment method, information procured through effective supervision and surveillance, trends and pertinent management strategies subjected to approval from the competent authority. In case of dearth of support from the concerned organization, clear instructions related to the availability of the necessary advice and support concerning infection control and prevention, combating outbreak of infectious diseases and microbiological pathogenicities. Depending upon the size and working modality of the organization, recruitment of an infection control team or personnel or committee accountable to the higher management authority and held responsible to monitor the progress of the infection control program. Clear cut defined duties and tasks of the engaged infection control team or personnel or committee. For cases requiring significant modifications related to recruitment of staff and provision of products, equipments, facilities, practices and implementation of novel services, strictly defined procedures for early consultation and feedback from the concerned team or personnel are essential. Patients, service providers and visitors exposed to or susceptible to contagious diseases are to be prevented from further spread of those infectious diseases. Requirement and Relevance of Standard 3.1 within 500 bed Hospital setting Within the set up of 500 beds hospital infrastructure, maintenance of a congenial atmosphere allaying the risk of spreading and contracting infection is imperative to safeguard the health and well being of the patients, care givers and the visitors and foster improved and updated healthcare facility. In this context, the competent authority occupying the management level administration for the smooth running of the hospital is pivotal to conduct and approve suitable infection control program by means of engaging thoroughly trained personnel or infection control team or likewise committee entitled to successfully carry out the proposed program through constant feedback and communication from all ends. Regular supervision and evaluation executed through proper risk assessment protocol, annual review of the undertaken program and identification of the chief stakeholders form the basis of such infection control programs. A 500 bed hospital setting accounts for quite a handful of diseased patients undergoing treatment of varied nature and interventional modes and therefore harbors the risk of contracting nosocomial infections of several types such as blood stream infection (BSI), urinary tract infection (UTI), ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and surgical site infection (SSI). Thus development of a suitable infection prevention and control program by the hospital authority in compliance with the established Standard 3.1 is necessary to tackle the situation and plummet the intensity of any possible contractible disease at its inception or outbreak. Role of Infection Control Preventionist in Infection Control Program In the Australian and New Zealand context, the roles and duties of the infection control preventionist has been amended corroborating with the existing policies and guidelines to successfully execute and implement several national strategies for infection combating. Study pertinent to this workforce considers the educational credibility, experience levels and scope of practice among the quintessential attributes to carry out their assigned jobs effectively (Hall et al., 2015). Further recent research in case of the New Zealand domicile suggest the potency of the active, prospective and continual hospital based severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance fully operational to mitigate the health concerns related to emerging influenza A virus infections and seasonal influenza pandemic (Huang et al., 2014). Moreover, in this regard efforts made by the World Heart Federation (WHF) to carry out a seamless transition from the position statement to a functional plan on the basis o f a foundation laid upon rigorous research, science and measurable improvement indicators to deal with the patients suffering from rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) may be mentioned (Remenyi et al., 2013). However comprehending the tasks and duties designated to be performed by the infection control preventionist and professionals, the following jobs have been identified to be of prime importance (Henman et al., 2015). A teamwork oriented approach is generally followed for control and prevention of infection by the infection control preventionist that includes infection prevention and control doctor, infection prevention and control nurse in conjunction with adequate administrative and information and communication technology (ICT) support through following of proper evidence based device associated infection prevention practice (Parriott et al., 2015). Dissemination and Implementation The policy adopted to reduce the risk of acquisition of infection among the vulnerable population of patients, healthcare workers and anyone in contact with the healthcare setting need to be put into effectiveness through surveillance by means of detecting, monitoring and recording the infection in its different stages. In this matter, the competencies of the infection preventionist and nurses have been identified as crucial in performing their roles deftly and implementing strategies to deal with the situation (Gase et al., 2015). Monitoring Compliance and effectiveness of the adopted strategies Congruency in terms of roles and responsibilities performed by the infection control professionals demand frequent and thorough supervision by the concerned authorities of the relevant organization to assess the feasibility of the projected management strategies for infection control thereby ensuring further modifications and alterations as and when applicable. Quality and safety of the adopted measures can thus be safeguarded and timely reporting to the higher authorities of the concerned organizational framework will ensure timely and most appropriate action plan intervention for infection control (Huffaker, 2012). Updating and Review In keeping with the changing trends in the healthcare practice, the mode of information storage and retrieval to document the medical records have simultaneously undergone a rampant modification. Telemedicine and usage of electronic algorithm have gained prominence in the modern era to update the data obtained from various case situations in a periodic manner. At least annual review of the action plan devised in accordance with the data procured from a particular healthcare setting has been suggested as essential to optimize healthcare facility and bring out the best possible outcomes. Education and awareness impart knowledge and training to the infection control professionals to better the service offered by them (Leone et al., 2015). Equality and Diversity The legal obligation to protect against discrimination to facilitate the central theme of equal opportunities for all is propagated through the infection control preventionist roles by means of equality and diversity. The emphasis is laid on the electronic medical records to enhance the efficacy of the infection surveillance regime to ensure accurate documentation and subsequent actions to mitigate the contagious illnesses of varied types in a valid way (Shepard et al., 2014). Infection Control Program Evaluation The infection control program may be evaluated categorically in two distinctive manners including the internal evaluation and external evaluation. The embracing of the internal evaluation to assess the credibility and efficiency of a proposed plan undertaken to tackle the infection related hazards considers the reviews and data retrieved from surveillance. Intermediaries have been opined to be beneficial in promoting evidence based infection control practice under certain contextual situations. Internal evaluation carried out under the supervision of the members of the healthcare team function in a holistic teamwork scenario through data obtained in a passive manner and thus bear the possibility of inflicting biasness in assessing the outcomes of the proposed action plans to mitigate the infections (Williams, Burton Rycroft-Malone, 2013). The rates of occurrence of cross infections and other possible infections are to be detected impeccably by the internal evaluators. Ethical compliance and scientific methodology adoption are the key features of internal evaluation to control and prevent the infectious states and hence act as boosters to escalate the efficiency of the infection control program (Zimerman et al., 2013). External Evaluation The specific evaluation method of external evaluation is generally carried out by some third party healthcare professional who are not directly engaged with the infection control program thereby lessening the chances of bias due to familiarity or suppression of facts whatsoever pertaining to a definite infectious disease condition. The evaluator in charge offers new perspective and insight into the proposed plan, however the lack of involvement and deeper knowledge regarding the plan from its commencement has been found to be a major hindrance in assessing the given scenario. Timely reporting and intervention as a result of the surveillance brought about by the external evaluators culminate in improvising public health care programs, infection control programs and immunization protocols globally (Evans, 2013). Gathering of qualitative information through methodical observational approach achievable through consideration of both the participants and non-participants group through cond uction of interviews, rapport building, examination of the traces and the documents and exploration of more detailed information regarding the causative factor, time and frequency of occurrence and population susceptible to specific infection are the chief tasks of the external evaluators (Posavac, 2015). Conclusion The stringent following and compliance with the Standard 3.1 of the HDSS (2008) ensure a suitable and healthy environment with lesser chances of contracting infection within a given hospital framework for the consumers, health service providers and visitors. The pre defined tasks and responsibilities of the infection control preventionist working in harmony with other healthcare professional and practitioners play a considerable role in mitigating the health related issues due to infection borne out of hospital settings through improvisation and implementation of suitable infection prevention and control plan. Devising strategies to reduce the chances of infectious diseases through proper knowledge of the principles and practices may provide respite to the victims of the infections and ease the task of the healthcare providers (Bennett, Dolin Blaser, 2014). Simultaneous and effective assessment of the infection control programs may be attained through both internal and external eval uation pattern. Approval and monitoring from the competent authorities provide scope for betterment and assessing the effectiveness of the proposed and undertaken projects in case appropriate situations of infection outbreak within a hospital setting. Surveillance, education and training, reviewing and documentation of the available data ensure protection from further infection spreading and curb any possible existing infection. A holistic and collaborative approach from all healthcare professionals involved in the infection control program offers hope of effective infection management strategy through dynamic changes and modifications. Additionally studying of the distribution and the determinants of the diseases and infections through hospital epidemiology might be of surmountable importance in control and prevention of infectious disease (Mayhall, 2012). References Bennett, J. E., Dolin, R., Blaser, M. J. (2014).Principles and practice of infectious diseases(Vol. 1). Elsevier Health Sciences. Evans, A. S. (2013).Viral infections of humans: epidemiology and control. Springer Science Business Media. Gase, K. A., Leone, C., Khoury, R., Babcock, H. M. (2015). Advancing the competency of infection preventionists.American journal of infection control,43(4), 370-379. Hall, L., Halton, K., Macbeth, D., Gardner, A., Mitchell, B. (2015). Roles, responsibilities and scope of practice: describing the state of playfor infection control professionals in Australia and New Zealand.Healthcare Infection,20(1), 29-35. Henman, L. J., Corrigan, R., Carrico, R., Suh, K. N., Team, P. A. S. D., Review, P. A., Team, T. S. D. (2015). Identifying changes in the role of the infection preventionist through the 2014 practice analysis study conducted by the Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc.American journal of infection control,43(7), 664-668. Huang, Q. S., Baker, M., McArthur, C., Roberts, S., Williamson, D., Grant, C., Mackereth, G. (2014). Implementing hospital-based surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections caused by influenza and other respiratory pathogens in New Zealand.Western Pac Surveill Response J,5(2), 23-30. Huffaker, C. B. (Ed.). (2012).Theory and practice of biological control. Elsevier. Leone, C., Gase, K. A., Snyders, R., Kieffer, P., Hoehner, C., Babcock, H. M. (2015). Agreement of Infection Preventionists(IP) Surveillance Assessments.American Journal of Infection Control,43(6), S4-S5. Mayhall, C. G. (2012).Hospital epidemiology and infection control. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Parriott, A., Saint, S., Olmsted, R. N., Krein, S. (2015). Associations between Hospital Infection Prevention/control Program Infrastructure and Evidence-based Device Associated Infection Prevention Practices.American Journal of Infection Control,43(6), S3. Posavac, E. (2015).Program evaluation: Methods and case studies. Routledge. Remenyi, B., Carapetis, J., Wyber, R., Taubert, K., Mayosi, B. M. (2013). Position statement of the World Heart Federation on the prevention and control of rheumatic heart disease.Nature Reviews Cardiology,10(5), 284-292. Shepard, J., Hadhazy, E., Frederick, J., Nicol, S., Gade, P., Cardon, A., Madison, S. (2014). Using electronic medical records to increase the efficiency of catheter-associated urinary tract infection surveillance for National Health and Safety Network reporting.American journal of infection control,42(3), e33-e36. Williams, L., Burton, C., Rycroftà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Malone, J. (2013). What works: a realist evaluation case study of intermediaries in infection control practice.Journal of advanced nursing,69(4), 915-926. www.health.govt.nz,. (2016). (infection control and management) Standards- Ministry of Health. Retrieved on 30 October 2016, from https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/pages/81343-2008-nzs-health-and-disability-services-infection-prevention-and-control.pdf Zimmerman, P. A., Yeatman, H., Jones, M., Murdoch, H. (2013). Evaluating infection control: A review of implementation of an infection prevention and control program in a low-income country setting.American journal of infection control,41(4), 317-321.